Unfree Labour, Migration and Racism: Towards an Analytical Framework

When it comes to analysing exploitative and unfree labour, most research refers “othering” or “race”. Race is often treated as a given category rather than social phenomenon that needs explanation. In this article, I draw attention the question of how racism preserved, reproduced changed within through labour relations. do by discussing conceptual interlinkages between migration racism. While role policies should not be underestimated, accompanied an analytical account their racist background outcomes. Based on present framework for analysis relates migration. three different levels (historico-structural, discursive-symbolic everyday practices) interrelations them. For empirical illustrations, my modern slave in two production sectors Brazil: charcoal clothing. discuss findings with regard problems racism: impact generalising knowledge (future) migrant workers; responsibility global networks; need critically reflect initiatives aimed at eradication labour. KEYWORDS: migration; labour; racism; Brazil; workers’ rights